"Is a Japan Rail Pass worth it?"

This might be the most important question you are asking yourself right now as you prepare for your trip to Japan in 2023.

In this post, I'm going to show you whether a Japan Rail Pass is worth it. Using the itinerary from my first trip to Japan and current prices, I'll compare how much my 3-week trip to Japan costs with a JR Pass and how much it would cost without a pass.

You'll also learn how to buy and activate the pass and how to use the pass once you get to Japan.

Table of Contents

• Is JR Pass worth It?
• Which trains can I use with my JR Pass?
• Which JR Pass should I buy?
• Who can use the JR Pass?
• Where to buy the JR Pass?
• When to buy the JR Pass?
• How to buy & activate the JR Pass?
• How to use the JR Pass?
• Additional Questions

Is a Japan Rail Pass Worth It?

Is a Japan Rail Pass worth it?

The best answer I can give you is this: It depends on your route.

I know you want to hear a more clearcut answer than that. But let me explain and then I think you'll understand why I can't give you one.

I'll also introduce you to some online tools for checking whether it's cheaper to get a Japan Rail Pass or buy individual train tickets.

The first time I went to Japan, I got a 14-Day Japan Rail Pass in Ordinary Class. I was there for almost 3 weeks (19 days), and I traveled all over Japan. You can check out my Japan Itinerary here.

In order for you to see if a Japan Rail Pass is worth it, let's compare the cost of a Japan Rail Pass with how much it would have cost me if I hadn't bought the pass.

Here is a price list (as of February 2023) of the two different Japan Rail Pass classes from Klook online travel agency. They seem to have the best prices.

You can also visit the official Japan Rail Pass website to compare prices.

I was in Japan for 19 days, but I bought the 14-day pass because my first 4 days and my last day were in Tokyo. It was cheaper to not use my Japan Rail pass in Tokyo.

Now let’s look at how much it would have cost me if I hadn’t bought the pass. These are the average price per ticket as of February 16, 2023 per Google Maps and various transportation websites. These prices haven’t changed much in the past few years. 

A 14-day pass would cost me US$352 (£293 or €330) in 2023 if I bought it from Klook (shipping fee is included in the price).

However, each individual ticket on a JR train in 2023 would cost me US$524 (£439  or €492.) The exchange rate is as of February 16, 2023.

Using a JR Pass would save me US$172. So of course, for my 3-week trip to Japan in 2023, a Japan Rail Pass is worth it.

You can easily figure out whether a Japan Rail Pass will be worth it for your own itinerary by looking up train routes on Google Maps or Navitime .

My Second Trip to Japan: No Japan Rail Pass

For my second trip to Japan, I didn’t purchase a Japan Rail Pass because it wouldn’t have been worth it. I only traveled to Tokyo and four cities around it (Nikko, Hakone, Kamakura, and Kawaguchi-ko), and most of the time, there was no JR train doing the route.

• Nikko – Non-JR train
• Hakone – Bus
• Kamakura – JR train that was less than US$10
• Kawaguchi-ko (Mt. Fuji) – Bus

One more thing! You don’t have to travel around Japan by train. You can also use Japan’s bus system. It’s cheaper than taking a train. But perhaps not as fun and not as comfortable.

Which trains can I use with the Japan Rail Pass?

You can only use trains owned by Japan Rail.

Not to worry! Most trains in Japan are run by Japan Rail. These include Japan Rail’s shinkansen trains (bullet trains), limited express trains, express trains, and local trains.

However, you CAN NOT use your Japan Rail Pass on the two fastest Shinkansen trains–the Nozomi and Mizuho trains. (Japan gives their trains names like Sakura, Hikari, Nozomi).

• Nozomi – the fastest train that runs between Tokyo and Osaka stopping in Kyoto and Nagoya
• Mizuho – runs between Fukuoka and Kagoshima

No worries! There are other Shinkansen trains like the Hikari that you can take between Tokyo and Osaka and Kyoto and the Sakura between Fukuoka and Kagoshima that are covered under the JR Pass. The Nozomi gets to Kyoto from Tokyo in 2 hours and 15 minutes, while the Hikari gets to Kyoto in 2 hours and 34 minutes.

Private Non-JR Trains

Japan also has trains owned by other private companies. Most of the time, you can’t use your JR Pass on these trains. These include the Odakyu train or the Hakone Tozan Line that connects Odawara with Hakone and Tobu Train connecting Tokyo with Nikko.

The non-JR Trains that allow you to use your pass are not to places that tourists usually visit. There are only three trains that do this.

• Aoimori Railway between Aomori and Hachinohe
• IR Ishikawa line between Kanazawa and Tsubata
• Ainokaze Toyama Railway Line between Toyama and Takaoka

There are certain stipulations you must follow to use your JR Pass on these lines. Please visit the Japan Rail website for additional information.

Tokyo Japan Rail Trains

The Tokyo Monorail (connects Haneda Airport with Hamamatsucho station) and the Narita Express (connects Narita Airport with Shinjuku and Shinagawa stations) are covered under your JR Pass.

There is also a JR Train called the Yamanote line that does a loop around Tokyo stopping at many of the major tourist areas like Shinjuku, Shibuya, Ueno, and Tokyo Station. You can use your pass for the Yamanote line.

Kyoto and Osaka Trains

You can use your JR Pass on the Limited Express Haruka which connects Kansai Airport with Osaka and Kyoto.

Local Japan Rail Buses

You can also use your JR Pass on some local buses owned by Japan Rail. These are in the following cities:

• Kanazawa
• Hiroshima
• Sapporo

Japan Rail Ferries

You can also use your JR Pass on the JR ferry that travels between Hiroshima and Miyajima.

Which Japan Rail Pass Should I Buy

Now let's talk about which Japan Rail Pass you should buy.

Japan Rail Pass comes in three consecutive lengths of time.

• 7-Day Pass
• 14-Day Pass
• 21-Day Pass

The Japan Rail Pass also comes in two classes:

• Ordinary Pass - Passholders sit in the Ordinary Cars
• Green Pass -1st Class. - Passholders sit in the Green Cars, which are 1st Class cars. Each train has at least one Green Car.

Japan Rail Pass: Price

Here's how the two ticket classes differ in the price for 2023. These prices are from the Klook Travel Agency website (February 16, 2023), which I think has the best prices. I think they are very trustworthy.

Japan Rail Pass: Comfort

The Green – 1st Class cars are more luxurious than Ordinary class cars. There is more legroom and the seats are more comfortable. It’s also less crowded and quieter.

Here is what a Green Car looks like:

Ordinary Class pass holders can sit in the reserved and nonreserved cars.

Here is what a typical Ordinary Car looks like:

You can also see how much legroom you can get in Ordinary Car as well. 

I found the Ordinary Class cars to be comfortable enough. They were rarely crowded as well, and I rarely had another person sitting next to me. If you’re traveling on a budget, I think the Ordinary Class cars are perfectly fine. 

Japan Rail Pass: Convenience

Another great reason to choose the Ordinary Class Japan Rail Pass over the Green Pass is that the Ordinary is so much more convenient to use than the Green Pass

• With the Green Pass, you MUST reserve a seat before boarding any train. You need to do this in person in Japan at a JR Booking Office or at a JR Rail Office. The seat reservation is free, but it can be a hassle to do it if you’re in a hurry.
• With the Ordinary Pass, you don’t need to reserve a seat. You can just get to the train station, show your pass to the rail officials and jump on any train covered under the JR Pass. You need to however sit in the unreserved car. If there are no seats available, you have to stand. BUT you can also reserve a seat if you want at a JR Booking Office or at a JR Rail Office. Seat reservations are free of charge. I usually reserved a seat just because it was the best way to ensure that I was getting on the right train.

I bought an Ordinary Class ticket and I was very satisfied with my choice.

Regional Passes

There are also regional passes. They’re usually for Japanese travelers and foreign travelers who just want to cover one region. I’m not going to cover those passes here. You can see my Japan Day Trip post to find out about those passes and my Hakone Day Trip post to find out about the Hakone Free Pass.

Japan Experience has an easy-to-follow guide to all the different regional passes. 

Who Can Use the Japan Rail Pass?

In order to use the Japan Rail Pass, you need to be a foreign citizen and you must enter Japan on a tourist visa (called a Temporary Visitors visa), which is usually good for 90 days.

You can't use the Japan Rail Pass if you enter on a student, instructor, or working holiday visa.

Where Can I Purchase the Japan Rail Pass?

You must purchase the Japan Rail Pass BEFORE entering Japan. The easiest way to buy the pass is from a travel agency website.

Here are two possible trustworthy places to buy the pass:

• Purchase the Japan Rail Pass from Klook
• Purchase it from Japan Experience. They have offices in London, Paris, Madrid, Berlin, Los Angeles, and Kyoto.

When Should I purchase the Japan Rail Pass

?

When you buy the Japan Rail Pass, you MUST purchase it no more than 90 days before you arrive in Japan. For example, if you arrive in Japan on April 1, 2021, you need to purchase the pass online a few days AFTER January 1, 2021.

When you buy your pass, first check if it’s refundable and /or if you need to pay a penalty to get a refund.

I personally would purchase the pass 30 days before my trip to Japan.

How to Purchase and Activate the Japan Rail Pass

Follow these steps for purchasing and activating your Japan Rail Pass. It might seem confusing at first, but Japan is a well-organized country with an incredibly well-organized tourism industry. Once you’re there, you’ll realize how little you needed to worry about your trip.

1. Purchase the JR Pass online

Purchase the Japan Rail Pass online BEFORE arriving in Japan no more than 90 days before your trip.

• Purchase the Japan Rail Pass from Klook
• Purchase it from Japan Experience. They have offices in London, Paris, Madrid, Berlin, Los Angeles, and Kyoto.

2. Receive your Japan Rail Pass Voucher (Exchange Order)

The online agency will then send you a Japan Rail Pass Voucher–also called Exchange Order (see photo above) via express mail. For example, in the United States, you can have the pass sent to you by Fedex or USPS. It took me 3 days to receive my pass.

3. Exchange the Voucher for the Pass

Take the Voucher (Exchange Order) with you to Japan. Go to a Japan Rail Office to exchange the Voucher for the actual Japan Rail Pass ticket.

There’s an office in Terminal 1 and another office in Terminal 2 and 3 at the Tokyo Narita Airport and an office at Haneda Airport in Tokyo. There’s also an office at the Kansai Airport in Osaka. I exchanged mine on the day I arrived at Narita Airport.

Here is a list of additional Japan Rail Offices where you can exchange your Voucher for the actual Pass.

You’ll need to fill out a form and show your passport (not a photocopy) when you are doing the exchange.

4. Select the Date to Activate Your JR Pass

You will also need to tell the Japan Rail Office when you want the actual Pass to begin.

For example, if you arrive on April 1, you can have the Pass activated on April 4. Usually, you want to activate your Pass on the day you take your first train trip.

You have 30 days from the date you exchange your Voucher to activate your pass. If your exchange date is August 1, then you must activate the Pass before August 30.

5. Make Seat Reservations

You can also make seat reservations at this time for any future trips. I made my seat reservations for my next 3 train trips.

Now you can start using your Japan Rail Pass. Go on to the next section to find out how to use it.

How to use your Japan Rail Pass

The following steps are based on both my experience and the most up-to-date info on Japan Rail websites as of August 2020.

1. Search the Japan train schedule

Sadly, the best website for checking train schedules no longer works.

You do, however, have two other options:

• Google Maps
• Navitime

Google Maps is quick and easy to use. It'll give you the price, departure and arrival times, and the name of the train.

The one downside is that you can't tell Google to exclude Nozomi, Mizuho, and Hayabusa trains when searching for train times.

I tried to find trains that weren't Nozomi for the Tokyo to Kyoto route, but Google Maps kept on giving me only times for Nozomi trains. 

I recommend using Navitime.

It’s easy to use and gives you lots of information. It also has some cool features that I’ll show you below. One more thing is that you can tell the website to just look for train times for JR Pass holders and thus, Navitime will exclude Nozomi, Mizuho, and Hayabusa trains. 

When you search for train times, your results will indicate which trains accept Japan Rail Passes. 

When you expand the information for one of the train times (8:03), you’ll get more information such as the name of the train (Hikari – you can use your JR Pass), more prices, the last stop (Okayama), and the departure and arrival times.

Click on the link that says “Timetable” and you’ll see something really cool!

You will see ALL the trains going from Tokyo to Kyoto on a particular day.

I don’t know what the numbers on the far left side (6, 7, 8, 9, 10) mean.

The numbers across represent the departure times for a particular hour. So for line 7, 00 = 16:00, 03 = 16:03, 09 = 16:09.

You can see the name of the train as well. JR Pass holders cannot use Nozomi trains, but they can use Hikari and Kodama trains.

Click on one of the times and you’ll see all of the station stops.

2. Get a Seat Reservation

Remember that if you have a Green Pass, you MUST make a seat reservation. BUT if you have the Ordinary Pass, it’s optional. 

Why you should make a seat reservation even with an Ordinary Pass

I always made one for several reasons:

• It’s free.
• I can ask which track the train is leaving from 
• A JR employee can tell me of a route or line that I might not have been aware of.
• It’s also good to make seat reservations ahead of time because JR employees can tell you if a certain line isn’t running due to track conditions. For instance, when I was trying to make a seat reservation from Tokyo to Takayama, I wanted to go through Toyama because it was quicker and I was told the scenery was better. Luckily, the JR employee told me that the route from Toyama to Takayama wasn’t running due to a mudslide, saving me from ending up stranded in Toyama and having to possibly backtrack to Tokyo.

Where to make a seat reservation

As of February 2023, there are now three ways to make a seat reservation.

• Booking Office: Go to JR booking office (midori no madoguchi) at the train station either a few days before or on the day of travel to get a seat reservation, The JR offices are generally very easy to find. There is sometimes a window specifically for non-Japanese speakers. The JR office then would give me a seat reservation ticket with the car # and seat # (see the above photo).
• Reserved Seat Ticket Machines: At some train stations, you can make seat reservations from ticket machines. You need to scan your Japan Rail Pass’s QR code into the machine to avoid paying a seat reservation fee.
• Online: For certain train lines, you can make a seat reservation online. I have not made seat reservations in this way before. Here are a few websites where you can make reservations:
  • East Japan Railway Company website
  • Japan Rail Pass website

How far in advance can you make a seat reservation?

You can make a seat reservation up to 30 days in advance of your train trip.

When to definitely make a seat reservation

There are certain days of the year when Japan Rail highly recommends making a seat reservation well in advance. These days are the following:

• April 27 – May 6
• August 10 – 19
• December 28 – January 6

However, I was in Japan twice in August during these dates, and I didn’t have any problems making a seat reservation at the last minute.

3. At the Train Station

In the past, Japan Rail Pass holders couldn’t go through the electronic gates at the train station to reach the platforms. They had to go through a side entrance where they would show their Pass to a train station employee.

Now in many stations, Japan Rail Pass holders need to go through the electronic ticket gates like every other passenger. Insert your Japan Rail Pass into a slot in the machine. Your pass will come out the other side.

Just don’t forget to retrieve your pass!

Here is a set of instructions on how to use the machines.

4. Find Your Track and Car

Next, find your track. You’ll see signs in both Japanese and English with the track number, the name of the train, and the departure time.

Your seat reservation will tell you your car and seat number.

Make sure you are in the correct section. Shinkansen trains (bullet trains) are in a different area of the train station from limited express, express, and local trains. I often found myself going crazy looking around for my limited express train and not finding it only to realize I needed to exit the Shinkansen section of the station and enter a different section.

Find out how many cars your train has. Electronic signs on the platform will tell this information.

After that, find out where to stand to enter the correct train car. You’ll see signs along the platform (on the floor or above you) telling you where to stand to enter your car when the train arrives. You can see in the photo above that if your train has 8 cars and your seat is in car 4, you should stand below the sign.

Some cars are only for reserved seats and some are for unreserved seats.

You want to be lined up in front of the correct car because the time between arrival and departure for a train can be quite short.

Additional Questions

Luggage on Trains in Japan

You can take 2 pieces of luggage with you at no cost on Japan Rail Trains. You can store your luggage on wracks above your seat. When I traveled, there was rarely anyone sitting next to me so I often put my bag on the seat next to me.

If you have oversized luggage (greater than 160 cm), then you need to put it in the oversized luggage place and make a seat reservation in advance on the three most popular shinkansen lines (Tokaido, Sanyo, and Kyushu lines—Tokyo-Nagoya-Shin-Osaka-Kyoto-Hiroshima-Hakata-Kagoshima). If you don’t, you may be fined 1,000 yen. You can read about the oversized luggage requirements here.

Eating on Trains in Japan

Yes, you can eat and drink on Japan trains. You’ll find lots of places in the train station that sells snacks and bento boxes.

Train Etiquette

In Japanese culture, it’s important to be considerate of other people. Japanese people don’t make a lot of noise like talking loudly or playing loud music on trains. 

Train Announcements

Unfortunately, when I was in Japan, most of the time the announcements telling passengers which station the train was arriving at weren’t in English or any other foreign language.

However, on some trains, there was an electronic sign in the cars that indicated the name of the stop in English. If there are no signs, you just need to pay attention to the signs on the platform of the station the trains pull into. Those are in Japanese and English.

You can also follow along on Google Maps.

Final Thoughts

So is the Japan Rail Pass worth it? As you can see, it depends. The best thing to do before making the decision on whether to purchase a rail pass is to plan out your itinerary (even if it’s tentative) and then use Navitime or Google Maps to calculate the cost of each individual train ride. Then you can decide for your trip whether the Japan Rail Pass is worth it or not.

For more planning tips for your trip to Japan, check out my post on 12 Must-Follow Japan Travel Tips